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Sunday, May 27, 2012

Future Forecast /// Conclusion























Before I conclude this research with a prediction about the future, I think that it would be better to collect the most important and significant information presented, in order to reach a more solid and sound conclusion.

First of all, let's take a look at the advantages and disadvantages of each of the different book formats. A physical book can not carry or store as much information as a digital one and it also weighs significantly more, which means that it is not easily portable, especially when compared to a book in digital format. However, no batteries or any kind of electric power source is necessary to read a physical book. You can also write or make notes on a physical book and it will also engage four out of the five basic human senses. Books in digital format in the other hand, need batteries or some kind of power source in order to be read, because the reader needs an e-reader device or a computer in order to do so. However, these devices not only weigh a lot less than most physical books, they can also store hundreds, if not thousands, of books in them, which means that digital books are a lot easier and convenient to carry around than their print, or physical counterparts.

There is also the rise of print of demand, which has already started and is constantly gaining popularity. This means that in the very near future, we may not have a throwaway paperback novel to read while waiting for a flight at the airport or while lounging at the beach, unless we order our own, unique copy.

Meanwhile, the market has been flooded with a wide variety of eBook devices and eReaders. Each model usually comes with its own digital book format and a unique selection of available book titles for the reader to choose from. This has made a lot of people reluctant when it comes to adopting this new technology, because they find this variety if devices and formats to be very confusing.

Finally, there is also the development of electronic paper, which, if successful, could revolutionize the industry. This “revolution” could very well bring an end to all forms and kinds of printing.

Taking all this into consideration, I think it is safe to say that all kinds and formats and books will have a place in the future. Some formats will of course be more popular than others, but the market and the industry will be dominated by the various digital formats, people however will be still be seeking out physical copies of some books. In the end, in the future, just like in the present, the true value of a book will lie in its content and not the format it is on. I think that we now have a unique opportunity to finalize and master the book as what it actually is in its purest form: an information device.




eBooks, Piracy & Copyrights





Book deals were pretty simple once upon a time. There was just the book: hardcover, paper, a creature of the educated elite, the bookshop and the library.[1]


Some publishers had bookish friends abroad and through correspondence or the occasional overseas trip a book would get translated and published in another country, and the publisher would kick a little money back to the author.[1]


When paperbacks took off, through lucrative deals with paperback publishers, that became another right to carve out, as did film, and book club, and serials, and audio.[1]


Publishers are now strenuously making the argument that ebooks are like paperbacks, a primary right, and they cannot create a publishing strategy for a title without controlling rights to both print and digital.[1]


From a simple and random visit on Amazon.co.uk, I got this result which supports the above:

















E-book publishers have unsurprisingly been in the vanguard of offering new terms to authors, often as a way of competing against the big established print houses.[1]


Richard Nash, the former publisher of print indie Soft Skull who is now setting up Cursor, a new publisher proposing an innovative crowd-sourced digital+print model, has been more vocal about overturning the copyright status quo. Nash thus offers Cursor authors 3-year renewable contracts, in return for a fairly broad basket of rights in the license.[1]


In this model, authors stop carving out rights. They hand almost everything over to the publishers and give them maximum flexibility to experiment with format, pricing, sampling, enhancements, and territory – BUT, for a very limited time. At the end of those 3-5 years, everyone reassesses.[1]


A switch to this kind of contract would upend the current business model in publishing and force the legacy businesses into a massive reorganization, probably involving no small degree of shrinkage. Is this the way forward?[1]


The answer depends on your understanding of the digital transition we’re in the midst of. If ebooks are like paperbacks, a new format that will cause some disruption but ultimately expand readership and learn to coexist peacefully with previous formats, then the old business model with its grip on life-of-copyright may well survive. [1]


If, on the other hand, today’s ebooks are the harbinger of an all-digital future that will crack the walls of print and bring them crumbling down, well in that case, the revolutionaries are at the gate.[1]


Google Books


Google Books is a service from Google Inc. that searches the full text of books that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical character recognition, and stored in its digital database.[4]


Subscribing users can click on a result from Google Books that opens an interface in which the user may view pages from the book, if out of copyright or if the copyright owner has given permission. Books in the public domain are available in full view and free for download. For in-print books, Google limits the number of viewable pages through a variety of access limitations and security measures, some based on user-tracking.[4]


Most scanned works are no longer in print or commercially available. For those which are, the site provides links to the website of the publisher and booksellers.[4]


The Google Books database continues to grow. For users outside the United States, though, Google must be sure that the work in question is indeed out of copyright under local laws.[4]

As of 2010, the number of scanned books was over 15 million.Google estimated in 2010 that there were about 130 million unique books in the world, and stated that it intended to scan all of them by the end of the decade.[4]


On May 2010, it was reported that Google will launch a digital book store termed as Google Editions. It will compete with Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Apple and other electronic book retailers with its very own e-book store. Unlike others, Google Editions will be completely online and will not require a specific device (such as kindle, Nook, iPad, etc.).[4]


The publishing industry and writers’ groups have criticized the project’s inclusion of snippets of copyrighted works as infringement. In late 2005 the Authors Guild of America and Association of American Publishers separately sued Google, citing massive copyright infringement.[4]


Google licensing of public domain works is also an area of concern due to using of digital watermarking techniques with the books. Some published works that are in the public domain, such as all works created by the U.S. Federal government, are still treated like other works under copyright, and therefore locked after 1922.[4]


About two million books that are in the public domain, such as works of William Shakespeare, currently can be viewed free on the Google Books site. Google Books users currently can view long previews of another two million books that are in copyright and in print, thanks to agreements between Google and tens of thousands of publishers that were separate from the legal settlement. Millions more books that are in copyright but out of print are currently available in Google Books in a shorter ‘snippet view.’ Had the settlement been approved, users would have been able to see longer previews and potentially buy those books.[4]


Book Copyrights


The Authors Guild has had to fall back upon stale black-and-white arguments about their inviolate right to make copies of their own works. Yet they fail to mention sections of the U.S. copyright law that strongly support what the universities are doing, and how they are doing it.[2]


Section 108(e) of the copyright law permits libraries to make copies of out-of-print works for patrons, and Section 107 spells out critical fair use provisions, in which noncommercial scholarly intents are especially worthy of exemption.[2]


Pirated ebooks available in the Android App Market appear to be limited to pop culture titles that are likely to be in demand, particularly amongst a younger audience, with many users happy to download them qualm-free.[3]


The Android App Market is far from alone in this problem. Amazon’s self-publishing platform has been facing a surge in both spam and pirated books, and has probably been the one platform that has been hit the hardest, due to an unmoderated submission process.[3]


Even Apple’s near-watertight outfit has fallen prey to pirated books. Last year, four Japanese publishers complained to Apple that pirated copies of their books were available in Apple’s iBookstore.[3]


Google’s method of action is far less intrusive, but at the same time, very ineffective. They wait until they receive a complaint, after which the pirated e-book will be taken down.[3]


Amazon themselves have already come up with a method to discourage piracy, by allowing users to borrow e-books from bricks-and-mortar libraries in the USA. Sadly, they were also quick to shoot themselves in the foot, by crippling third party sites built around the idea of lending titles between users. This method of course does little to stop spam books reaching Amazon’s self-publishing platform.[3] 


Ironically, these very platforms – Apple, Amazon and to a lesser extent Android, which have spurred on e-book piracy, have also forced publishers to think twice about how to approach the electronic medium because of their popularity.[3]


Consumer awareness is the most important tool that can be used in the battle against spam books. A simple Google search can often lead readers to the exact same content online for free.[3]







References 
[1] http://www.digitalbookworld.com/2010/copyright-ebooks-and-the-unpredictable-future/
[2] http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2011/09/the-fight-over-the-future-of-digital-books/245577/
[3] http://thenextweb.com/media/2011/06/24/does-e-book-piracy-really-matter/ 
[4] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_books

eBook Devices


An eBook reader, also called an e-book device or e-reader, is a mobile electronic device that is designed primarily for the purpose of reading digital e-books and periodicals. 























An eBook reader is similar in form to a tablet computer. A tablet computer typically has a faster screen capable of higher refresh rates which makes them more suitable for interaction. Tablet computers also are much more versatile, allowing one to consume multiple types of content, as well as create it. The main advantages of eBook readers are better readability of their screens especially in bright sunlight and longer battery life. This is achieved by using electronic paper technology to display content to readers. 

It has been reported that there are differing levels of dissatisfaction among owners of different eΒook readers due to the inconsistent availability of sought-after eBook titles.

According to toptenreviews.com, the top 5 of Best eBook Readers for 2012 are:



Kindle 3
($139.00)





















Nook Simple Touch Reader
($99.00)








Nook Tablet
($249.00)


















Kindle Fire
($199.00)






















Kindle DX
($379.00)





















Which Bookstore
Has Most eBook Titles


An important consideration for buyers of eBook Readers is the likelihood that they will be able to read their favorite authors and genres on their devices. Knowing this, some of the competing eBook Reader organisations like to impress potential buyers by emphasising the large number of titles in their eBook collection. Here are some of their claims:


› Amazon’s Kindle Book store currently boasts over 865,000 eBooks available for download.
› Sony eBook reader product pages boast over 2 million titles in its Reader Store.
› In recent press releases Barnes and Noble claim that over 2 million Nook books are now available for the Nook and Nook Color.
› Apple’s iBookstore website claim over 150,000 titles have been added to its collection within the first year of operation.


Elusive eBook Titles


Despite the impressive size of collections at many of the eBook stores, there are many complaints from followers of eBookReaderGuide.com that they are unable to find a sought after title in these eBook stores.


Most commonly the complaints come from owners of Nooks and Sony readers, taking into account these ereader’s smaller market share. This is surprising, as both Barnes and Noble and Sony marketeers claim to have also twice as many titles as the next largest collection.


Meanwhile, there have relatively fewer complaints from Amazon and iPad users about their eBook stores, taking into account these ereader’s smaller market share. In the case of iPad, this may reflect the multifunctional nature of the device and that the primary function of the device may not be eBook reading.


The naked truth


So stripping out the free titles from the various eBook Reader stores shows the real situation. Except for the essential classics and occassional promotional free ebooks, it is the paid titles in the book stores are the one that you are most likely to be at the top of the reading list. And if you were hoping that your local elibrary may be able to loan you a sought after title, well think again.


As our survey shows, Kindle owners are much more likely to find a sought after eBook. This advantage is rapidly increasing. However, compared with over 20 million titles in paperback or hardcover currently listed on Amazon.com, this story still is at the beginning. Indeed, we could be entering a new chapter with renewed competition from the latest generation of color eBook readers such as the NookColor and iPad2.




References 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-book_reader
http://ebook-reader-review.toptenreviews.com/index.html
http://www.ebookreaderguide.com/2011/03/13/kindle-nookcolor-ipad2-sony-overdrive-which-ebookstore-has-most-ebook-titles/